TIMESQUARE Watch Kit
Show up stylish AND on time to any event with this awesome looking DIY watch.
Overview
Show up stylish AND on time to any event with this awesome looking DIY
watch. We have a few watch kits here at Adafruit but we finally have one
that looks good and fits well, even for ladies and kids and others with
smaller wrists and hands. Its got a 8x8 bit matrix display and a
repurposed silicone watch band for a professional look.
64 LEDs light up to tell you the time in a variety of ways. Built into
the kit are 3 different watch 'faces' - a scrolling marquee with time
and date, a binary watch display (for geeks, robots and binary fans),
and a moon phase display (for beach-combers, werewolves). There's also a
built in battery meter so you can check your battery life. Want
to make your own watch? Easy! The microcontroller is an
Arduino-compatible, all you need is an FTDI Friend and the Arduino IDE
and you can design your own watch faces and upload them to the
TIMESQUARE.
Engineered for greatness by PaintYourDragon, this watch squeezes over
1000 full time displays out of a coin battery, and a 1+ year 'resting'
lifetime, so you can use this as a day-to-day time keeper.
This watch comes with a ultra bright red LED matrix and a black
silicone watch band that fits all wrists from children to adult.
This is a DIY kit, and requires some basic soldering/assembly to put
together. It is a beginner kit, so this is a fine project to use in
learning how to solder. Tools are not included, you'll need a soldering
iron, solder and diagonal cutters as a minimum.
Check the tutorial page for details on what tools and steps are required to assemble. Take about 1-2 hours to put together. Build it in the afternoon and you'll be done in time to hit the clubs in the evening.
Tools List
Tools
There are a few tools that are required for assembly. None of these
tools are included. If you don't have them, now would be a good time to
borrow or purchase them. They are very very handy whenever
assembling/fixing/modifying electronic devices! I provide links to buy
them, but of course, you should get them where ever is most
convenient/inexpensive. Many of these parts are available in a place
like Radio Shack or other (higher quality) DIY electronics stores.
Parts List
- TIMESQUARE PCB - half thickness black PCB
- ATMEGA328P - preprogrammed microcontroller
- DS1337 - 8 pin real time clock chip
- 32.768KHz Crystal - thin silver cylinder
- Right angle buttons - two for either side
- 20mm coin battery holder
- 0.1uF ceramic capacitor - yellow blobby
- 1 x 10K resistor - brown black orange gold
- 8 x 47 ohm resistor - yellow violet black gold
- 1.5" 8x8 matrix (not shown)
- Silicone rubber watch band
- Clear plastic cutout back
- CR2032 Coin cell battery
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First up, check that you have all the electronic parts laid out on your table and ready for soldering! |
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Start by placing the PCB in a vise to keep
it steady. We'll be soldering parts on TOP, where the silkscreen shows
the component placing. The first part we'll place is the 10K resistor.
This resistor is marked brown black orange gold. (It's also the only single resistor of that color)
Bend the resistor into a staple and slip the wire leads into the two holes so that the resistor covers the outline labeled R10 in the bottom right corner shown here |
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Bend the wire leads out so the resistor sits flat against the PCB. Then you can flip it over and it wont fall out! |
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With your soldering iron heated up and ready, solder in both leads of
the resistor. To do this, heat up the round ring pad and the wire lead
at the same time for 2 or 3 seconds, then dip the end of the solder into
the heated joint to melt it in.
Then remove the solder and the soldering iron. |
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Once the soldering is complete, we can clean up by clipping the
leads of the resistor. This keeps them from shorting to something else.
Use diagonal or flush cutters to clip the wires right above where the
solder joint ends. |
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Next we'll solder in the yellow blobby
0.1uF capacitor. This capacitor is part of the reset circuitry as well,
and is used to help reset the chip when we want to reprogram it.
Ceramic capacitors, like resistors, are not directional. So put it in any way it fits, next to the R10 resistor, so its surrounded by the C1 outline
Then bend the leads and flip over the board. |
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Solder in the capacitor's two legs just like you did with the resistor |
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You did great with the first two parts, now we will solder in the remaining resistors R1-R8
. These resistors are the LED 'choke' resistors - they keep the LED
matrix's light even and avoids having too much current draw that would
kill the battery off!
All the resistors are the same 47 ohm value - Yellow Violet Black Gold
Here we placed and soldered all 8 at once but you can go one at a time if you want to take it a little slower! |
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Solder in all the resistors, either one at a time or all 8 at once! Make sure you don't forget any solder points, though. |
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Next clip all the leads! |
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Next up we will put in the first chip. This chip has 8 legs and has the label DS1337 on top. Make sure you've got the right label on the chip.
This
chip is the "real time clock" - the timekeeper. It is a ultra-lo-power
circuit, whose only task is to keep track of the time, so its pretty
good at it. It's possible to have the main microcontroller chip (the
next one we'll do) keep track of the time, but its not as good at it
(both in terms of power and precision) so we splurged on having a
seperate RTC
The important thing about chips is that they are not like resistors and capacitors in that they can't be placed 'either way'. It must
be placed the right way or the chip wont work. Look for the end of the
chip with a notch and a dot. These must match up the silkscreened image
on the PCB so make sure the notches line up. |
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Solder all eight pins of the RTC
No need to clip them after they're done
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Next we'll do the big microcontroller
chip. This chip is the brains, it does all of the displaying and button
handling. Most of the time its 'sleeping' and when you press a button it
wakes up and shows the time. It has a lot of pins because the matrix
requires 16 pins to draw, and then you need some more pins for buttons,
the RTC chip, reprogramming, etc.
The chip is an ATMEGA328P
that has been pre-programmed at the Adafruit factory to have an
Arduino-compatible bootloader and our default watch display code.
To
begin, flatten the pins to make them more parallel || shaped intsead of
A shaped. Hold the chip in your hand and press all the pins one side at
a time against a flat table.
Then when you press it into the holes, make sure each pin has made it into a matching hole, and its sitting flat against the PCB
Like the RTC, this chip must be
put in the right way. The notch on the chip must go on the left side as
in these photos. Check twice to make sure you have the chip in right! |
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Solder all 28 pins!
No need to clip them after they're done |
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Next we'll place both the battery holder,
and the timing crystal. The battery of course is how we power the watch,
and this holder keeps it in place. The timing crystal is the "Quartz
Crystal" in watches, that keeps time by resonating
The battery holder does have a special way it must go, make sure you can slide the battery in by having the open side facing out
The crystal can go in either way, its symmetric, like the resistors |
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The battery holder will slip out if you
flip over the board, so before flipping the board, solder one leg side
from the top. The holder is a great heatsink so it may take a little
longer than usual to solder in |
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Flip it over and solder in the other battery pin, then go back and do the first one.
Also, solder and clip the two crystal pins |
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Lastly, place the two interface buttons. You'll use these to set the time, display the time, and change watch faces.
Both go on either side of the board, and they'll snap in.
Then flip the board over and solder in all 4 pins of each |
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Finally, the fun part! The matrix!
The LED matrix is what you'll be looking at - 64 individual LEDs in a plastic case.
The Matrix is not symetric, it must go in the right way on the right side.
Look
for the writing on the side of the matrix, this side must go on the
side of the PCB with a dot as you see here. Also the matrix goes on the
OPPOSITE side of the other parts!
Check that the 28-pin microcontroller pins aren't in the way of the matrix, it should sit nice and flat |
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Now solder in all the pins of the matrix, you may have to angle the iron tip a bit to avoid burning other parts
You can clip the leads but you don't have to (they're less long than the height of all the other parts! |
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Get the remaining parts out of the kit - a 20mm coin battery, silicone band and optional clear plastic back |
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Insert a 20mm (CR2032) coin cell battery so that the flat + side is facing up and the bumpy side is facing down into the PCB |
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Place the clear back first into the band
so it's at the bottom. Then stretch the band and scootch the assembly
in, pulling the rubber to fit around!
When you've got it all in,
you may need to pull/press the band around the PCB to have the 'nubs'
fit into the notches that are molded into the band |
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That's it! You can now continue on to set the time and/or adjust your fit |
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ADJUSTING FIT
After you've assembled your watch there are a few ways to change the
fit of the band around the PCB. First is trimming down the nubs on the
PCB. These are there to help keep the board inside the rubber band.
However, they may be long depending on your wrist size, and band (all
the bands are slightly different)
Simply trim them down a millimeter at a time to help avoid them from sticking out too much |
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Another easy way to adjust the fit is to
remove the plastic back - its not essential and for smaller wrists it
may make the watch a little bulkier than desired. |
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OTHER TWEAKS
Kapton tape is a heat-resistant and electrically
insulative tape that's used a lot in electronics. This isn’t included
with the watch, but if you’ve been in this hobby for a while there’s a
good chance you already have a roll handy. Wonderful stuff.
One or two layers of Kapton tape applied to the watch face make it
less prone to washing out under bright light. The tape’s color is
similar enough to the red LEDs that they shine through with little
difficulty, while most ambient light is blocked.
Rubylith film (from a decent old-school art supply store) would probably |
Setting the Time
First wake the watch by tapping either side button. With the time display active, you can enter time-setting mode by holding down both
side buttons for about two seconds. If using the watch for the first
time, or after swapping batteries, it may wake in time-setting mode
automatically.
Date and time are set by cycling through each digit. The currently-active digit is shown with a blinking underline cursor. Tap the left button to advance to the next digit, or tap the right button to increment the current digit (it will “roll over” to 0 or 1 as needed).
Tap →⌚ = Next digit⌚← Tap = Current digit +1
There are two digits each for the year, month, day, hour and minute, and the watch will briefly display the symbols Y, M, D,
etc. when moving from one pair of digits to the next. The high and low
digits are set individually…this is different from most digital clocks,
we find it faster and less troublesome. The range for each digit varies,
and the watch will keep the values in check.
There is no seconds adjustment. Seconds will be reset to zero when exiting time-setting mode.
The last “digit” is a 12- or 24-hour display mode selection. 12/24
currently only affects the marquee mode; the binary display is limited
to 12-hour time. Advancing past the 12/24 item will scroll back to the
first digit of the year. So if you overshoot a digit you wanted to set,
just repeatedly tap the left button until you roll around to it again.
Tap →⌚ = Y→Y→M→M→D→D→H→H→M→M→12/24↩
To exit time-setting mode and return to the last time display mode, hold down both buttons for two seconds again.
Time Display Modes
Tap the right or left side buttons to wake the watch and show the time in the current display mode.
Tap →⌚ or ⌚← tap
Hold the left
or right buttons (
not both) for 2 seconds to move back or forward through modes.
Hold →⌚ 2 sec or ⌚← hold 2 sec
The sequence of modes is:
↪Marquee↔Binary↔Moon Phase↔Battery Gauge↩
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Marquee mode
Inspired by the famous Dow Jones news ticker, this scrolls the current time from right to left.
Tap either side button while active to switch the display from time to date. Tap again to show the time.
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Binary mode
Bright dots represent a binary “1,” dimmer dots are “0.” “Off” dots separate the digits.
The hour (1 to 12) is shown as four 2x2 pixel blocks across the top.
Minutes
and seconds are 1-pixel blocks, with the high and low digits separated
for easier reading (3 bits and 4 bits, respectively).
The display at left shows 4:09 and 12 seconds. |
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Moon Phase mode
Displays the current phase of the moon.
The
resolution is limited somewhat by the screen. It’s generally accurate,
but this is not a medical device — do not rely on this data if you are
prone to lycanthropy. |
Battery Gauge
This displays the
approximate battery level.
Frequent
button presses may temporarily lower the battery voltage more than this
display indicates. After assembling your watch, you might run through
the first battery pretty quickly in your enthusiasm to show everyone. If
it seems to have suffered a premature demise, allow the watch to rest
for a few hours, or try a fresh battery.
Sometimes the watch display may appear dim or flickery, regardless of
the display mode. This happens when the battery voltage runs low. It’s
normal behavior, an attempt by the watch to preserve battery life. Allow
it to rest or replace the battery soon.
Uploading New Firmware
Now you've had your watch for a few days/weeks/months and you want
to come up with your own watch designs. Lucky for you, this watch is
designed specifically to be super easy to hack! If you know how to
program Arduino, you're basically already there.
You'll need the Arduino IDE, and also some knowledge of how to read and write Arduino code.
To program the watch itself, you'll need an
FTDI cable o
r FTDI Friend.
This will connect your computer to the watch. If you're using an FTDI
cable or anything other than the Friend, you'll also need some
extra long header to press-fit.
Simply
place a 6-pin extra long header into the FTDI connector and slip the
other end into the top of the watch PCB, to match this photo. Be sure
to have a battery in the watch, as it does need to be powered while
programming!
Next, download the TIMESQUARE watch codebase from github.
Visit the github page and click on DOWNLOAD to download the ZIP file and uncompress the folder.
Rename the folder to
Watch (check that the renamed folder contains the
Watch.cpp and
Watch.h files) and install into the
arduinosketches/libraries folder.
For information how to use and install libraries, see our tutorial!
Restart the IDE
When programming, select
Lilypad Arduino w/ ATmega328 as the "board" type
